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計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)精編教程——原理與實(shí)踐 
定 價(jià)：79 元
9 7 4 8 7 7 2 1 7 2 1 1 8 讀者對(duì)象:本書可作為計(jì)算機(jī)類專業(yè)和電氣信息類專業(yè)的本科生教材，也可作為非計(jì)算機(jī)類相關(guān)專業(yè)的研究生教材；對(duì)于 IT 行業(yè)的從業(yè)人員以及計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程的從業(yè)人員，本書也具有一定的參考價(jià)值。 
本書包括"概述”"直連網(wǎng)絡(luò)”"網(wǎng)絡(luò)互連”"端到端的通信”"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用層協(xié)議”共 5 章內(nèi)容，較為系統(tǒng)全面地介紹了計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的基本原理和基本應(yīng)用："直連網(wǎng)絡(luò)”中介紹了數(shù)據(jù)鏈路層的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，"網(wǎng)絡(luò)互連”中介紹了網(wǎng)絡(luò)層的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，"端到端的通信”中介紹了運(yùn)輸層的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，"互聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用層協(xié)議”介紹了應(yīng)用層的相關(guān)內(nèi)容。每章都包含若干實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容，且在最后附有習(xí)題，與其他計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)書籍不同，本書中與協(xié)議分析相關(guān)的主觀題居多，而計(jì)算題相對(duì)較少，需要較多計(jì)算題的讀者，可以參考由電子工業(yè)出版社出版、謝希仁教授編著的《計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)釋疑與習(xí)題解答》一書。 本書需要讀者具備初步的 Python 編程經(jīng)驗(yàn)；當(dāng)然，具備 C、C++或 Java 編程經(jīng)驗(yàn)的讀者，也能夠理解本書中的 Python 程序。無編程經(jīng)驗(yàn)的讀者可以忽略與 Python 相關(guān)的實(shí)驗(yàn)內(nèi)容。本書可作為計(jì)算機(jī)類專業(yè)和電氣信息類專業(yè)的本科生教材，也可作為非計(jì)算機(jī)類相關(guān)專業(yè)的研究生教材；對(duì)于 IT 行業(yè)的從業(yè)人員及計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)工程的從業(yè)人員，本書也具有一定的參考價(jià)值。
李志遠(yuǎn)，桂林航天工業(yè)學(xué)院教授，原廣西本科高校計(jì)算機(jī)類專業(yè)教學(xué)指導(dǎo)委員會(huì)委員，從事計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)教學(xué)及科研工作20余年，榮獲廣西區(qū)教育教學(xué)改項(xiàng)目二等獎(jiǎng)，出版《計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)綜合實(shí)驗(yàn)教程——協(xié)議分析與應(yīng)用》等教材。
第 1 章 概述............................................................................................................................................1
1.1 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)簡(jiǎn)介 ...................................................................................................................1 1.1.1 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的定義 ...................................................................................................1 1.1.2 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的分類 ...................................................................................................3 1.1.3 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)邊緣部分 .......................................................................................................5 1.1.4 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)核心部分 .......................................................................................................6 1.2 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的性能指標(biāo) .......................................................................................................8 1.2.1 速率...........................................................................................................................8 1.2.2 帶寬...........................................................................................................................9 1.2.3 時(shí)延（delay） ........................................................................................................12 1.2.4 吞吐量.....................................................................................................................15 1.2.5 丟包率.....................................................................................................................18 1.3 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)體系結(jié)構(gòu) .........................................................................................................18 1.3.1 分層的體系結(jié)構(gòu) .....................................................................................................18 1.3.2 協(xié)議與分層.............................................................................................................20 1.3.3 TCP/IP 體系結(jié)構(gòu) ....................................................................................................26 1.4 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的發(fā)展 .....................................................................................................................28 1.4.1 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的起源.........................................................................................................28 1.4.2 TCP/IP 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的根基 ............................................................................................29 1.4.3 NSF 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的推進(jìn)者.............................................................................................30 1.4.4 WWW：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的“分水嶺”..............................................................................30 1.4.5 移動(dòng)互聯(lián)網(wǎng).............................................................................................................31 1.5 本章實(shí)驗(yàn).............................................................................................................................32 1.5.1 實(shí)驗(yàn)環(huán)境配置.........................................................................................................32 1.5.2 協(xié)議封裝.................................................................................................................34 1.5.3 越層封裝.................................................................................................................36 習(xí)題 .............................................................................................................................................40 第 2 章 直連網(wǎng)絡(luò)..................................................................................................................................43 2.1 直連網(wǎng)絡(luò).............................................................................................................................43 2.1.1 直連網(wǎng)絡(luò)的概念 .....................................................................................................43 2.1.2 直連網(wǎng)絡(luò)的數(shù)據(jù)傳輸 .............................................................................................44 2.1.3 直連網(wǎng)絡(luò)的硬件組成 .............................................................................................45 2.1.4 導(dǎo)向傳輸媒體.........................................................................................................46 2.1.5 非導(dǎo)向傳輸媒體 .....................................................................................................53 2.2 編碼.....................................................................................................................................57 2.2.1 不歸零編碼 NRZ（Non-Return to Zero）.............................................................58 2.2.2 曼徹斯特編碼（Manchester Encoding）...............................................................59 2.2.3 差分曼徹斯特編碼（Differential Manchester Encoding） ...................................59 2.3 成幀.....................................................................................................................................60 2.3.1 面向字符的協(xié)議 PPP..............................................................................................60 2.3.2 面向比特的協(xié)議 HDLC .........................................................................................65 2.4 差錯(cuò)檢測(cè).............................................................................................................................68 2.5 廣播式以太網(wǎng) .....................................................................................................................70 2.5.1 以太網(wǎng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn).............................................................................................................70 2.5.2 以太網(wǎng) MAC 幀......................................................................................................72 2.5.3 以太網(wǎng) MAC 地址..................................................................................................74 2.5.4 傳輸媒體接入控制 .................................................................................................76 2.5.5 10BASE-T 網(wǎng)絡(luò)......................................................................................................83 2.6 交換機(jī).................................................................................................................................84 2.6.1 交換機(jī)概述.............................................................................................................84 2.6.2 交換機(jī) MAC 地址學(xué)習(xí) ..........................................................................................85 2.6.3 虛擬局域網(wǎng) VLAN .................................................................................................87 2.7 高速以太網(wǎng).........................................................................................................................91 2.7.1 快速以太網(wǎng).............................................................................................................91 2.7.2 吉比特以太網(wǎng).........................................................................................................94 2.7.3 10 吉比特以太網(wǎng) ....................................................................................................95 2.7.4 40 吉比特以太網(wǎng)（40GbE）.................................................................................96 2.8 本章實(shí)驗(yàn).............................................................................................................................98 2.8.1 虛擬局域網(wǎng).............................................................................................................98 2.8.2 交換機(jī) MAC 地址學(xué)習(xí) ........................................................................................103 2.8.3 幀的發(fā)送與接收 ...................................................................................................104 習(xí)題 ...........................................................................................................................................106 第 3 章 網(wǎng)絡(luò)互連................................................................................................................................109 3.1 互連網(wǎng)絡(luò)...........................................................................................................................109 3.1.1 互連網(wǎng)絡(luò)的概念 ...................................................................................................109 3.1.2 路由器...................................................................................................................113 3.1.3 集線器、交換機(jī)和路由器 ...................................................................................116 3.2 網(wǎng)際協(xié)議 IP.......................................................................................................................118 3.2.1 IPv4 編址...............................................................................................................119 3.2.2 劃分子網(wǎng)........................................................................................................................125 3.2.3 路由表與轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)表 ...................................................................................................129 3.2.4 路由器分組轉(zhuǎn)發(fā) ...................................................................................................131 3.2.5 DHCP 協(xié)議 ...........................................................................................................135 3.2.6 地址解析協(xié)議 ARP ..............................................................................................141 3.2.7 網(wǎng)絡(luò)地址轉(zhuǎn)換 NAT ..............................................................................................145 3.2.8 IP 分組的格式.......................................................................................................147 3.2.9 網(wǎng)際控制報(bào)文協(xié)議 ICMP.....................................................................................152 3.3 路由選擇協(xié)議 ...................................................................................................................160 3.3.1 概述.......................................................................................................................160 3.3.2 內(nèi)部網(wǎng)關(guān)協(xié)議 RIP................................................................................................162 3.3.3 內(nèi)部網(wǎng)關(guān)協(xié)議 OSPF.............................................................................................170 3.3.4 外部網(wǎng)關(guān)協(xié)議 BGP ..............................................................................................182 3.4 多協(xié)議標(biāo)簽交換 MPLS....................................................................................................199 3.4.1 概述.......................................................................................................................199 3.4.2 MPLS 中的幾個(gè)基本概念....................................................................................200 3.4.3 MPLS 的基本操作................................................................................................202 3.4.4 標(biāo)簽分發(fā)協(xié)議 LDP...............................................................................................204 3.5 IPV6 ...................................................................................................................................216 3.5.1 概述.......................................................................................................................216 3.5.2 IPv6 分組的格式...................................................................................................216 3.5.3 IPv6 地址...............................................................................................................220 3.5.4 ICMPv6 .................................................................................................................226 3.5.5 鄰站發(fā)現(xiàn)協(xié)議 NDP ..............................................................................................228 3.5.6 重復(fù)地址檢測(cè) DAD..............................................................................................234 3.6 本章實(shí)驗(yàn)...........................................................................................................................236 3.6.1 獨(dú)臂路由接入互連網(wǎng)絡(luò) .......................................................................................236 3.6.2 DHCP 與 NAT.......................................................................................................240 3.6.3 單區(qū)域的 OSPF 的配置........................................................................................245 3.6.4 簡(jiǎn)單的路由追蹤程序的實(shí)現(xiàn) ...............................................................................248 3.6.5 ARP 協(xié)議實(shí)現(xiàn)活動(dòng)主機(jī)的探測(cè)...........................................................................249 習(xí)題 ...........................................................................................................................................252 第 4 章 端到端的通信........................................................................................................................259 4.1 端到端的概念 ...................................................................................................................259 4.1.1 端系統(tǒng)與網(wǎng)絡(luò)層 ...................................................................................................259 4.1.2 端口的概念...........................................................................................................261 4.1.3 端口監(jiān)聽的概念 ...................................................................................................262 4.2 UDP...................................................................................................................................263 4.2.1 概述.......................................................................................................................263 4.2.2 UDP 的特點(diǎn)..........................................................................................................263 4.2.3 UDP 報(bào)文的格式 ..................................................................................................265 4.3 TCP....................................................................................................................................267 4.3.1 TCP 概述...............................................................................................................268 4.3.2 TCP 連接的概念...................................................................................................270 4.3.2 TCP 可靠的傳輸...................................................................................................271 4.3.4 TCP 報(bào)文段的格式...............................................................................................275 4.3.5 發(fā)送 TCP 報(bào)文段的時(shí)機(jī)......................................................................................281 4.3.6 TCP 超時(shí)重傳時(shí)間...............................................................................................284 4.3.6 TCP 流量控制.......................................................................................................287 4.3.7 TCP 擁塞控制.......................................................................................................293 4.3.8 主動(dòng)隊(duì)列管理 AQM.............................................................................................302 4.3.9 TCP 連接管理.......................................................................................................303 4.3.10 TCP 連接的管理模型.........................................................................................308 4.3.11 TCP 定時(shí)器.........................................................................................................311 4.4 TCP 與 UDP 的區(qū)別.........................................................................................................311 4.5 本章實(shí)驗(yàn)...........................................................................................................................312 4.5.1 Socket 程序 ...........................................................................................................313 4.5.2 通用的建立 TCP 連接的程序..............................................................................318 4.5.3 端口掃描程序.......................................................................................................323 習(xí)題 ...........................................................................................................................................329 第 5 章 互聯(lián)網(wǎng)應(yīng)用層協(xié)議................................................................................................................334 5.1 域名系統(tǒng) DNS ..................................................................................................................334 5.1.1 概述.......................................................................................................................334 5.1.2 域名空間...............................................................................................................335 5.1.3 資源記錄...............................................................................................................337 5.1.4 域名服務(wù)器...........................................................................................................341 5.1.5 域名的解析過程 ...................................................................................................344 5.1.6 DNS 報(bào)文的格式 ..................................................................................................348 5.2 WEB 與 HTTP....................................................................................................................353 5.2.1 HTTP 協(xié)議............................................................................................................353 5.2.2 HTTP 報(bào)文的格式 ................................................................................................359 5.2.3 代理服務(wù)器...........................................................................................................362 5.2.4 數(shù)據(jù)同步...............................................................................................................364 5.3 文件傳輸協(xié)議 FTP ...........................................................................................................369 5.3.1 概述.......................................................................................................................369 5.3.2 FTP 的工作方式 ...................................................................................................369 5.3.3 FTP 會(huì)話 ...............................................................................................................373 5.4 簡(jiǎn)單文件傳輸協(xié)議 TFTP.................................................................................................374 5.4.1 概述.......................................................................................................................374 5.4.2 TFTP 分組的格式.................................................................................................375 5.4.3 TFTP 實(shí)例分析.....................................................................................................377 5.5 遠(yuǎn)程登錄 TELNET..............................................................................................................379 5.5.1 網(wǎng)絡(luò)虛擬終端 NVT..............................................................................................379 5.5.2 Telnet 控制命令 ....................................................................................................380 5.5.3 選項(xiàng)協(xié)商...............................................................................................................381 5.5.4 Telnet 的使用 ........................................................................................................384 5.5.5 Telnet 傳輸效率 ....................................................................................................386 5.5.6 NVT 的安全性......................................................................................................387 5.6 電子郵件 EMAIL................................................................................................................388 5.6.1 概述.......................................................................................................................388 5.6.2 簡(jiǎn)單郵件傳輸協(xié)議 SMTP....................................................................................389 5.6.3 電子郵件的基本格式 ...........................................................................................392 5.6.4 郵局訪問協(xié)議 POP3.............................................................................................393 5.6.5 基于 Web 的電子郵件..........................................................................................399 5.6.6 通用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)郵件擴(kuò)充 MIME ...............................................................................400 5.7 本章實(shí)驗(yàn)...........................................................................................................................404 5.7.1 VMware 中安裝 Ubuntu 22.04 LTS .....................................................................404 5.7.2 安裝配置 DNS ......................................................................................................405 5.7.3 安裝配置 Web 服務(wù)..............................................................................................411 5.7.4 域名解析客戶程序設(shè)計(jì) .......................................................................................419 習(xí)題 ...........................................................................................................................................423 附錄 A 計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)常用縮略詞 ........................................................................................................427 參考文獻(xiàn)................................................................................................................................................431
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